links
Some information about treatises that I find useful. Most of it is online.
Baroque
J.J. Quantz: flute method. In my opinion the best all-round source for the (later) Baroque style. Very influential, especially the chapter about tempo.
http://books.google.nl/books?id=nCg9AAAAcAAJ
F. Geminiani: violin method. Good source for ornamentation.
http://imslp.org/wiki/The_Art_of_Playing_on_the_Violin_%28Geminiani,_Francesco%29
P.F. Tosi, translation Galliard. Important treatise on singing.
http://books.google.nl/books?id=LQE6AAAAIAAJ
F. Couperin: l’Art de toucher le Clavecin.
http://imslp.org/wiki/L%27Art_de_Toucher_le_Clavecin_%28Couperin,_Fran%C3%A7ois%29
Mattheson: Der vollkommene Capellmeister. Mattheson was a little weird and rather full of himself but it’s an interesting source. Sometimes you have to take him with a grain of salt.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Der_vollkommene_Capellmeister.pdf
Marpurg: Die Kunst das Clavier zu spielen
http://books.google.nl/books?id=4TU9AAAAcAAJ
Secondary source on Tempo: Klaus Miehling, das Tempo in der Barock on Vorklassik. A must read.
http://books.google.nl/books?id=MxQZAQAAIAAJ (fragments)
Classical
Leopold Mozart: violin school. Reflects (sometimes even copies) Tartini’s school. Translated in many languages and spread all over Europe. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gr%C3%BCndliche_Violinschule_%281787%29.pdf
Tartini: treatise on ornamentation.
Search in Jstor for the article “treatise on ornamentation”, translated by Sol Babitz. The article contains the full text. Here is a link to the famous letter about the use of the bow:
http://www.archive.org/details/letterfromlatesi00tart
C.Ph.E. Bach: keyboard method. In between the Baroque and Classical style, but keep in mind that Beethoven still used this method for his students!
http://books.google.nl/books?id=pfs9AAAAcAAJ
http://books.google.nl/books?id=-Cc9AAAAcAAJ
Johann Gotlob Türk: Klavierschule. Very complete and interesting.
http://books.google.nl/books?id=zjg9AAAAcAAJ
J. P. Milchmeyer: piano method. Interesting remarks about pedaling.
http://imslp.org/wiki/Die_wahre_Art_das_Pianoforte_zu_spielen_%28Milchmeyer,_Johann_Peter%29
Romantic
Campagnoli, violin method, 1827. Old fashioned for its time: most of this was written in 1795, and even then it was more a reflection of the modernized Tartini style and not the new Viotti-style. However, it is complete and interesting.
http://imslp.org/wiki/Violin_Method,_Op.21_%28Campagnoli,_Bartolomeo%29
P. Baillot: violin method. A must read, not only for violinists. Baillot is the most important and influential source from the beginning of the French school, which was heavily influenced by Viotti. Writes about every aspect of violin playing and music making. Couldn’t find it online. Published by Fuzeau and on microfiche in the NMI in Den Haag.
Spohr: violin method. Contains pieces by Rode and himself, with detailed instruction on execution and expression. The beginning of the German romantic violin school, at that time very close to the French school. Spohr, according to one critic, played like an “exaggerated copy of Rode”. That is, lots of portamento! Spohr was also a famous conductor and one the first to use the baton in the modern way. Inventor of the chin rest (the guy was 2 meters tall!), no luxury thing when you play so many portamenti...
http://imslp.org/wiki/Violin_School_%28Spohr,_Louis%29
De Beriot: violin method. One generation after Baillot. Interesting remarks about the use vibrato and portamento, with comparisons to vocal music (in the 2nd part). De Beriot was married to Maria Malibran, the most famous opera singer in France, from the Garcia-school. Unfortunately, only the first part of the method is online. The whole method is published by Fuzeau and on microfiche in the NMI in Den Haag.
http://violinsheetmusic.org/classical/b/beriot/beriot-method-part-1.pdf
Joachim/Moser: violin method. A modernized and elaborated version of Spohr. Old fashioned compared to the French approach from that time.
http://imslp.org/wiki/Violin_School_%28Joachim,_Joseph%29
L. Auer: violin method. Auer was a pupil of Joachim and the teacher of many great modern players like Heifetz.
http://imslp.org/wiki/Violin_Playing_as_I_Teach_It_%28Auer,_Leopold%29
Carl Flesch: the art of violin playing. A good source for the modernized French romantic school. I couldn’t find it online but there is a modern edition.
Czerny: Klavierschule. Especially the 3rd book is interesting because it is about interpretation and expression. Like Spohr, he gives exact instructions on expression in some musical examples.
http://www.koelnklavier.de/quellen/czer-op500/_index.html
Hummel: Klavierschule. A bit more “Classical” than Czerny. Also gives instructions with some pieces of music.
http://bcul.lib.uni.lodz.pl/dlibra/publication?id=1367&tab=3 (requires a plugin)
L. Adam: Méthode de Piano (1804). One of the first piano methods in France and very influential. On microfiche in the NMI in Den Haag.
F. Kalkbrenner: piano method. On microfiche in the NMI in Den Haag.
J.J. Eigeldinger: Chopin, pianist and teacher as seen by his pupils. Excellent source on Chopin. Buy it!
http://books.google.nl/books?id=g8S4nY9LQ8MC (partly visible)
Marmontel : piano method (1876). For many years Marmontel was the most important teacher at the Conservatoire in Paris. Many famous pianists an composers studied with him, including Bizet and Debussy.
http://imslp.org/wiki/Art_Classique_et_Moderne_du_Piano_%28Marmontel,_Antoine_Fran%C3%A7ois%29
Manuel Garcia: singing method. The source on singing from around 1830. Garcia was the founder of the most important opera school in France. Nice chapter about rubato.
http://imslp.org/wiki/Ecole_de_Garcia:_trait%C3%A9_complet_de_l%27art_du_chant_%28Garcia,_Manuel%29
B. Romberg: cello method. By the time it was published (1840), it was already out of fashion. Yet, Romberg’s school was very important. Lots of examples with detailed instructions on fingering (portamento!) and expression. Try it out, and keep in mind that Romberg and Duport were Beethoven’s favorite cellists! Published by Fuzeau and on microfiche in the NMI in Den Haag.
Dotzauer and Kummer: cello methods. Continuation of the German “Romberg” school. On microfiche in the NMI in Den Haag.
Nice site for piano sources:
http://www.koelnklavier.de/downloads/_index.html
http://www.koelnklavier.de “quellen”
Website of the NMI:
http://www.nederlandsmuziekinstituut.nl/
